Nazarin panoramic na juyin halitta na fasaha da aikace-aikacen multidisciplinary na microscopes na tiyata

 

Microscope na tiyata shine ainihin kayan aiki don cimma daidaitattun ayyuka a cikin magungunan zamani. A matsayin na'urar likitanci wanda ke haɗa manyan tsarin gani na gani, daidaitaccen tsarin injiniyoyi, da na'urori masu sarrafa hankali, ainihin ka'idodinsa sun haɗa da haɓakar gani (yawanci 4 × -40 × daidaitacce), filin kallon sitiriyo da aka bayar tabinocular aiki microscope, Coaxial sanyi tushen haske haske (rage nama thermal lalacewa), da kuma na fasaha hannu tsarin (goyon bayan 360 ° matsayi). Wadannan fasalulluka suna ba shi damar karya ta iyakokin ilimin ilimin lissafi na idon ɗan adam, cimma daidaitaccen 0.1 millimeters, kuma yana rage haɗarin rauni na jijiyoyin jini sosai.

 

Ⅰ、 Ka'idodin fasaha da mahimman ayyuka

1. Tsarin gani da hoto:

- Tsarin binocular yana ba da filin gani na stereoscopic daidaitacce ga likitan fiɗa da mataimaki ta hanyar prism, tare da filin kallo na 5-30 millimeters, kuma yana iya dacewa da nisan ɗalibi daban-daban da kuma ikon ragewa. Nau'o'in nau'ikan ido sun haɗa da faffadan ra'ayi da nau'in prothrombin, wanda na ƙarshe zai iya kawar da ɓarna da tabbatar da tsabtar hoton gefen.

- Tsarin hasken wuta yana ɗaukar jagorar fiber optic, tare da zafin launi na 4500-6000K da haske mai daidaitacce (10000-150000 Lux). Haɗe da fasahar kashe haske ta ja, yana rage haɗarin lalacewar hasken ido. Xenon ko tushen fitilar halogen haɗe tare da ƙirar haske mai sanyi don guje wa lalacewar zafin nama.

- Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙadda ) na Ƙaƙa na Ƙadda ) na Ƙarfafawa na Ɗauka na Ɗaya ne na 4K / 8K ) yana ba da damar watsawa da adana hoto na ainihi, yana sa ya dace don koyarwa da shawarwari.

2. Tsarin injina da ƙirar aminci:

- Mikaroscope mai aikisun kasu kashi a tsaye datebur matsa microscopes aiki. Na farko ya dace da manyan dakunan aiki, yayin da na karshen ya dace da dakunan shawarwari masu iyakacin sarari (kamar asibitocin hakori).

- Mataki na shida na 'yanci na cantilever na lantarki yana da daidaitawa ta atomatik da ayyukan kariya ta karo, kuma yana dakatar da motsi nan da nan lokacin fuskantar juriya, yana tabbatar da amincin ciki.

 

Ⅱ、 Yanayin aikace-aikace na musamman da daidaitawar fasaha

1. Ido da tiyatar ido:

Theophthalmology aiki microscopewakilci ne a fagenmicroscope mai aiki na ido. Babban bukatunsa sun haɗa da:

- Matsakaicin babban ƙuduri (ƙara ta 25%) da babban zurfin filin, rage yawan mayar da hankali na intraoperative;

- Ƙirar ƙarancin ƙarfin haske (kamarophthalmic cataract aiki microscope) don haɓaka ta'aziyar haƙuri;

- Kewayawa 3D da aikin OCT na ciki yana ba da damar daidaita daidaitaccen axis na crystal tsakanin 1 °.

2. Otolaryngology da Dentistry:

- TheENT microscope aikiyana buƙatar daidaitawa don ayyukan kunkuntar rami mai zurfi (kamar shigar da cochlear), sanye take da dogon hangen nesa na haƙiƙa (250-400mm) da ƙirar haske (kamar ICG angiography).

- Themicroscope aiki hakori yana ɗaukar ƙirar hanyar haske mai daidaituwa, tare da daidaitacce nisan aiki na 200-500mm. An sanye shi da ingantaccen ruwan tabarau na daidaitawa da ruwan tabarau mai karkatar da hankali don biyan buƙatun ergonomic na ayyuka masu kyau kamar jiyya na tushen tushe.

3. Aikin Neurosurgery da Tiyatar Kaya:

- Themicroscope aiki neurosurgical yana buƙatar autofocus, kulle haɗin gwiwa na mutum-mutumi, da fasahar hoto mai haske (don warware tasoshin jini a matakin 0.1 millimeter).

- TheKashin bayan tiyata na aiki microscopeyana buƙatar babban zurfin yanayin filin (1-15mm) don daidaitawa zuwa filayen tiyata mai zurfi, haɗe tare da tsarin kewayawa na neuro don cimma daidaitattun raguwa.

4. Filastik da tiyatar zuciya:

- Theaikin tiyata na filastik aiki microscopeyana buƙatar zurfin filin filin da ƙananan maɓuɓɓugar haske mai zafi don kare ƙarfin ƙarfi da goyan bayan ƙima na ainihin lokaci na kwararar jini ta hanyar angiography na intraoperative na FL800.

- Themicroscope aiki na zuciyayana mai da hankali kan daidaiton anastomosis na microvascular kuma yana buƙatar sassauci da juriya na kutse na lantarki na hannun mutum-mutumi.

 

Ⅲ、 Hanyoyin ci gaban fasaha

1. Taimakon kewayawa na intraoperative da robot:

- Haƙiƙanin haɓakar fasaha (AR) na iya rufe hotunan CT/MRI da aka riga aka yi a kan filin tiyata don alamar hanyoyin jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyin jini a cikin ainihin-lokaci.

- Na'urorin sarrafa nesa na Robot (kamar na'urorin da ke sarrafa joystick) suna haɓaka kwanciyar hankali da rage gajiyar aiki.

2. Fusion na babban ƙuduri da AI:

- Fasahar microscopy na photon guda biyu sun cimma hoton matakin tantanin halitta, haɗe tare da algorithms AI don gano sifofin nama ta atomatik (kamar iyakokin ƙari ko daurin jijiya), da kuma taimakawa cikin tsagaitawa daidai.

3. Haɗin hoto na Multimodal:

-Fluorescence kwatanta hoto (ICG/5-ALA) hade tare da intraoperative OCT yana goyan bayan yanayin yanke shawara na ainihin lokaci na "kallon yayin yanke".

 

Ⅳ、 Zaɓin Kanfigareshan da la'akarin farashi

1. Fasali na farashi:

- Ainihinmicroscope aikin hakori(kamar tsarin zuƙowa mai hawa uku) ya kai kusan yuan miliyan ɗaya;

- Babban-ƙarshenmicroscope aiki na jijiyoyi(ciki har da kyamarar 4K da kewayawa mai kyalli) na iya kashe yuan miliyan 4.8.

2. Na'urar microscope mai aiki:

-Maɓallin na'urorin haɗi sun haɗa da rikewar haifuwa (mai jure zafin zafin jiki da matsanancin matsin lamba), ƙwanƙwasa ido mai mai da hankali, mai raba katako (goyan bayan madubin taimako/koyarwa), da keɓaɓɓen murfin bakararre.

 

ⅤTakaitawa

Na'urorin fida na fiɗa sun samo asali daga kayan aikin haɓakawa guda ɗaya zuwa dandamalin aikin tiyata na fannoni daban-daban. A nan gaba, tare da zurfin haɗin kai na AR kewayawa, AI fitarwa, da fasahar robotics, ainihin ƙimarsa za ta mai da hankali kan "haɗin gwiwar injin da mutum" - yayin da inganta amincin aikin tiyata da inganci, likitoci har yanzu suna buƙatar ingantaccen ilimin halittar jiki da ƙwarewar aiki a matsayin tushe. Zane na musamman (kamar bambanci tsakaninmicroscope aiki na kashin bayakumamicroscope mai aiki na ido) kuma haɓakawa na hankali zai ci gaba da tura iyakokin madaidaicin aikin tiyata zuwa ƙaramin milimita.